Abstract
The present study was carried out to compare the antimicrobial activities of methanol leaf extracts of Bauhinia purpurea, Dicranopterislinearis, Melastomamalabathricum and Muntingiacalabura portrayed by different antimicrobial assays against methicillin-susceptible and methicillin- resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Antimicrobial activities of the methanol leaf extracts were preliminarily screened by disc diffusion. Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by broth microdilution and colorimetric assay (resazurin). Based on disc diffusion method, S. aureusATCC®700699™ (MRSA) elucidated higher susceptibility pattern against all plant extracts compared to S. aureusATCC®25923™ (MSSA). Taking results from all employed assays into consideration, M. calaburamethanol leaf extract comparably elicited the highest antimicrobial activity than the other methanol leaf extracts against both microorganisms. The MIC values were determined by colorimetric assay (resazurin) due to pigmentations of the methanol leaf extracts that obscured visual growth turbidity inspection. Complication in colour changes observation in colorimetric assay to determine MBC was overcome by employing the conventional plating method. This study suggested that all antimicrobial assays should be carried out concurrently so as the data obtained can be comparatively analysed for a better outcome as each antimicrobial assay has its own shortfall.
Highlights
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative, microaerophilic, spiral with 4-6 flagellum on a pole which is approximately deployed in gastric of half the world's population (1)
The results showed that 65 patients (53.3%) were infected with H. pylori
This study was conducted on H. pylori isolated from biopsies of patients with digestive problems referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in the Sari city (Iran)
Summary
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a gram-negative, microaerophilic, spiral with 4-6 flagellum on a pole which is approximately deployed in gastric of half the world's population (1). Creation of multi-drug resistant strains by obtaining numerous genes occurs during successive stages of transgenesis and environmental selection in areas where the use of antimicrobial drugs is large (5). In some instances, this treatment regimen has not been successful; the development of resistance among strains of bacteria to antibiotics is one of reasons for failure (6). Which infects about half of the world's population, is the main factor to peptic and duodenal ulcer diseases Resistance to antibiotics is the main reason of failure of H. pylori treatment. Objective: Since the antibiotic resistance patterns of H. pylori is varied geographically; the main purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial effects on H. pylori infection. Conclusion: According to antibiotic resistance level of this study, it seems that the antibiotic susceptibility tests are always necessary in order to determine the appropriate drug regimen against to H. pylori
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