The Current System of Ecologic Taxes in Industrialised Countries

Abstract

The goal of the article is to research the development of ecologic tax system used in taxation system of industrialised countries and taxa impact on economy. The authors summarized the system of tax bases of EU countries for ecologic taxation. The process of transforming the system of the given taxes and systematization of ecologic taxes can help identify their distinguishing features. Groups of ecologic taxes in industrialised countries play a serious role in regulating ecologic events. Among them it is necessary to mention tax on power, tax on transport, tax on resources, etc. Economic policy in the field of environment protection is affected by the process of distribution of obtained funds through fiscal mechanisms. Within the frames of research on the ecologic taxation system in the North Europe focus is made on the tax on carbon dioxide, which is a key element in this context. Tax rates grew from the initial date in the mid-1990-s to 2023. Results of regressive analysis for Denmark showed that the key factor affecting the ecologic tax earnings of the budget is the high level of tax burden. Due to toughening of tax and budegt policy tax revenues of the country grow. Positive experience of North European countries shows that to provide topicality and functionality of ecologic taxes shall be regularly upgraded and adjusted to economic conditions and ecologic requirements and trends. They are extemely important for stimulating power optimization, environment protection and finally, they are socially oriented.