The correlation of ALT, HbsAg and HCV-Ab and the effect of different detection modes on the results in blood donors

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effects of different detection methods on the results for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), HBsAg and hepatitis C virus antibody (HCV-Ab) through testing the blood of 273 316 person time blood donors from 2009 to June2015, and to investigate the distribution of HBsAg, HCV-Ab and ALT and their correlation in blood donors, detection mode of nucleic acid detection in negative samples used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the results of blood donors, who were single reagent HBsAg, HCV-Ab positive, were detected again after for 24 weeks (maximum window period), and necessity of ALT screening before collecting blood sample, which provided a basis for the optimization of blood detection methods. Methods The rate method was used to detect ALT, detection of HCV-Ab and HBsAg was used ELISA, nucleic acid detection was performed on HBsAg and HCV-Ab negative blood by enzyme immunoassay, and dry chemistry complete automatic biochemistry analyzer were used for ALT screening before blood sampling in street. The enumeration data were analyzed by the χ2 test with P<0.05 for statistically significant. Results The total ALT positive rate of 273 316 people was 4.09% in Baoji city, the single ALT positive was main (98.17%, 11 185/273 316). The ALT positive rate (5.20%) of male was higher than that of women (1.79%) (χ2=1780.94, P<0.05), and the ALT positive rate of 18~44 years old group (4.48%) was higher than that of 45~55 years old groups (3.26%) (χ2=223.87, P<0.05). The positive rate of ALT before carring out ALT screening (4.90%, 8 448/172 472) was higher than that of after carrying ALT screening (2.71%, 2 737/100 844) (χ2=773.43, P<0.05). Through nucleic acid detection for serums of 143 815 ELISA negative blood donors, there were no HCV-Ab positive and 75 HbsAg positive. The Kappa value was 0.049 between ELISA and nucleic acid examination in single reagent HBsAg positive blood donors after 24 weeks. Conclusions The ALT positive and HBV, HCV had no correlation, and the ALT single positive were main in blood donors. Carrying out ATL blood screening, two times of ELISA detection and one times the nucleic acid detection may improve the blood safety level. HBsAg and HCV-Ab positive blood donors in 24 weeks (maximum window period) after ELISA and nucleic acid detection can be negative. Return blood donation team. The HbsAg and HCV-Ab positive blood donors, who were negative by the ELISA and nucleic acid detection after the 24 week (maximum window period), can return to the blood donation team. Key words: Blood donors; Blood transfusion; Alanine transaminase/BL; Hepatitis B surface antigens/BL; Hepatitis C antibodies/BL