Abstract
EnglishThe octopus is one of the most important marine resources in Portugal, especially in the South, the Algarve region. The fishing gears mostly used are the “alcatruz” and the “covo”. The “alcatruz” is a shelter-pot traditionally made of clay, with an amphora shape, but recently plastic cylindrical pots were introduced and became more popular. “Covos” are baited metal cage-traps covered by a plastic net. Although very popular among fishermen, the traditional “alcatruz” made of clay has been replaced by cylindrical plastic pots with great success, due to its resistance to brake. In an attempt to continue using the traditional amphora-shape, a new type of plastic pot was built in association with fishermen. To study the behaviour of the common octopus (Octopus vulgaris) towards the traditional amphora clay shelter-pot, the cylindrical plastic shelter-pot and the new amphora plastic shelter-pot, several experiments were performed in controlled tanks. Three main questions were attempted to answer concerning the preferences of the common octopus towards the pots: 1) What kind of material: plastic or clay (traditional); 2) What shape: cylindrical or amphora (traditional); 3) What colour: white, black or red brick (traditional). The results showed no particular preference towards the material of the fishing gear; a strong preference for the traditional amphora shape; and a strong preference for the black colour. francaisLe poulpe est une des plus importantes ressources marines au Portugal, en particulier dans la region Sud (Algarve). Les engins de peche les plus utilises sont les “alcatruz” et le “covo”. Le “alcatruz” est un pot-abri traditionnellement faite d’argile, avec une forme d’amphore, mais recemment des pots cylindriques en plastique ont ete introduits et sont deve nu plus populaire. Les “covos” sont des cages-pieges metalliques appâtes couverts par un filet en plastique. Bien que tres populaire parmi les pecheurs, le “alcatruz” traditionnelle a base d’argile a ete remplacee par des pots en plastique cylindriques avec un grand succes, en raison de sa resistance a frein. Dans une tentative de continuer a utiliser la forme traditionnelle d’amphore, un nouveau type de pot-abri en plastique a ete construit en association avec les pecheurs. A fin d’etudier le comportement du poulpe commun (Octopus vulgaris) vers les pots traditionnels (pot amphore en argile), les pots plus modernes (pot cylindrique en plastique) et le nouveau pot (pot amphore en plastique), des experiences ont ete realisees dans des reservoirs controles. Trois principales questions ont ete tentees de repondre concernant les preferences des poulpes communs envers les pots: 1) Quel type de materiel: plastique ou argile (traditionnel); 2) Quelle forme: cylindrique ou amphore (traditionnel); 3) Quelle couleur: blanc, noir ou rouge brique (traditionnel). Les resultats n’ont indique pas de preference vers le materiel de l’engin de peche; une forte preference pour la forme traditionnelle d’amphore; et une forte preference pour la couleur noire.
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