The benefits of exclusive breastfeeding: a comprehensive literature review

Abstract

This comprehensive literature review explores the multitude of benefits associated with exclusive breastfeeding for both infants and mothers. It synthesizes evidence from various studies and emphasizes the importance of exclusive breastfeeding as a global public health strategy. The review highlights the nutritional, immunological, developmental, and emotional advantages of exclusive breastfeeding for infants and mothers, including improved psychological well- being. Furthermore, it talks about the infant health benefits of exclusive breastfeeding, nutritional benefits, immune system support, optimal growth and development, and maternal benefits such as postpartum weight loss and uterine contraction and reduced health issues like breast cancer, ovarian cancer, etc. Additionally, societal implications such as reduced healthcare costs, environmental sustainability, and enhanced workforce productivity are discussed. Despite the clear benefits, challenges and barriers persist, including cultural norms, workplace pressures, and limited access to education and support. Strategies to promote and support exclusive breastfeeding involve healthcare providers, workplaces, communities, and global efforts by WHO and UNICEF, emphasizing the importance of creating a supportive environment for breastfeeding mothers.