Abstract
The synthesis of maize artificial chromosomes/minichromosomes holds great promise in preparing worldwide maize production to address the challenges of frequent extreme weather events, population growth, and evolving dietary patterns. Using artificial chromosomes can mitigate the drawbacks associated with conventional transgenic approaches, such as random integration, linkage drag, and unpredictable expression levels. While the application of de novo assembly in constructing plant artificial chromosomes has been constrained by the complexity of the epigenetic nature of plant centromeres, a promising strategy involves a top-down approach through truncating a nonessential supernumerary chromosome, such as the maize B chromosome. This review summarizes the genetic and epigenetic characteristics of the B chromosome and highlights the advantages of engineering it into a minichromosome platform (miniB). We also review the progress, potential applications, and prospects of miniB chromosome engineering. Taken together, the development of the engineered miniB platform shows great potential for breeding high-yield, high-quality, and multiple stress-tolerant maize varieties.
Published Version
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