Abstract

The pancreas is part of the gastrointestinal system that lies in the upper abdomen behind the stomach. It is a mixed endocrine/exocrine gland enveloped by a thin layer of connective tissue. Connective tissue septa invade the gland, dividing it into lobules, serving as a support for tissue and providing a pathway for vasculature, nerve fibers, and lymphatic ducts. The pancreas lacks a complete fibrous capsule (Abozaid et al., 2020). The pancreas is composed of exocrine portion which comprises more than 95% of the pancreatic mass and it responsible for makes and secretes digestive enzymes into the intestine and endocrine portion (the islets) which makes and secretes hormones as (insulin, glucagon, somatostatin and pancreatic polypeptide) into the blood to control energy metabolism and storage throughout the body, it includes acinar and duct cells with associated connective tissue, vessels, and nerves.it comprise 1-2% of pancreatic mass Mederos et al (2021).

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