The Antibacterial Activity of Gambir Extract (Uncaria gambir (hunter ) Roxb ) Against Salmonella typhi

Abstract

هههTyphoid fever is still a severe issue in the world. The pharmacological therapy used for typhoid fever was chloramphenicol antibiotics. However, chloramphenicol resistance to Salmonella typhi is common, so finding alternative antibacterial drugs for typhoid fever is necessary. Gambir Extract was a natural ingredient often used in non-pharmacological alternative therapies. It contained secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins which are suspected to be antibacterial. This study aimed to identify the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration values of Gambir Extract against Salmonella typhi. The antibacterial activity of the Gambir Extract against Salmonella typhi was screened using the well diffusion method. The MIC and MBC of the Gambir Extract were determined using the dilution method. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney test. The inhibition zone of the antibacterial activity of the Gambir Extract against Salmonella typhi was 19.22 mm and had a MIC value of 50% (0.5 g/ml). The statistical analysis results of the Kruskal-Wallis and the Mann-Whitney test obtained significance values of 0.007 and 0.025. Therefore, Gambir Extract cannot kill Salmonella typhi. Gambir Extract has antibacterial activity against Salmonella typhi with a MIC value of 0.5g/ml.
 Keywords: Antibacterial, Gambir, Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC)