Porównanie aktywności wyciągów z liści Passiflora alata, P. caerulea i P. incarnata wobec wybranych drobnoustrojów klinicznych

Abstract

Introduction. In recent years, researchers have shown increasing interest in species of the Passiflora genus due to their potential biological and pharmacological properties. These species are an agronomically important crops and are used commercially in the fruit industry of South America. During of collection of fruits from cultivated plants, the leaves are removed. This plant material may be used for medicinal purposes. Our previous studies showed that crude extracts from leaves of P. alata, P. caerulea and P. incarnata contained various secondary metabolites such as phenolics, flavonoids, terpenoids. Moreover extract of P. alata showed the most effective activities against Acanthamoeba castellanii strain in vitro. Aim. The aim of our study was to evaluate and to compare the antibacterial and antifungal activities of the crude alcoholic extracts from leaf of P. alata, P. caerulea and P. incarnata. Material and methods. There was measurement of the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC), the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC), and the minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) of the extracts by serial dilution method. Results. The results showed that the most active extracts against Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 8040) were as follows from: P. incarnata = P. alata (MIC = 10.0 mg/ml, MBC >10.0 mg/ml) > P. caerulea (MIC = 10.0 mg/ml, MBC > 20.0 mg/ml); against Escherichia coli (PZH 026B6): P. incarnata (MIC = 10.0 mg/ml, MBC > 10.0 mg/ml) > P. caerulea (MIC = 10.0 mg/ml, MBC = 20.0 mg/ml) > P. alata (MIC = 10.0 mg/ml, MBC > 20.0 mg/ml); against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538P): P. incarnata (MIC = 2.5 mg/ml, MBC > 5.0) > P. caerulea (MIC = 5.0 mg/ml, MBC > 10.0) > P. alata (MIC = 10.0 mg/ml, MBC > 10.0); against Candida albicans (PCM 1409PZH): P. caerulea (MIC = 7.5 mg/ml, MBC = 15.0 mg/ml), P. incarnata (MIC = 10.0 mg/ml, MBC > 10.0 mg/ml), P. alata (MIC = 15.0 mg/ml, MBC > 20.0 mg/ml); against Microsporum gypseum K1: P. incarnata = P. caerulea = P. alata (MIC = 5.0 mg/ml, MBC = 5.0 mg/ml). Phytochemical study showed that the highest concentration of phenolic compounds was shown in extract of P. alata > P. caerulea > P. incarnata. Conclusions. Due to the fact that low antimicrobial activity has been demonstrated for raw extracts, there is a need for further studies of fractionated extracts and isolated compounds to assess their activity.