Abstract
Circular economy (CE) was first introduced in the 1970s as an alternative economic model for replacing the traditional linear industrial economy, the take-make-use-throw approach. However, transition to a more circular economy can be challenging due to the untenable assumptions. It is viewed as a strategy enabling the ‘decoupling’ of resource use from economic growth, but there are still questions whether the CE can decouple resource use from economic growth. The purpose of this article is to study the evolution of the circular economy and the synthesis of the 10Rs hierarchy, to examine the circular economy roadmap and to review the strategies of 9Rs and the benefits of circular economy. Documentary study and literature review were used for data collection. It is found that the history of circular economy started as early as before World War II, known as closed economy. Then, the concept of circular economy evolved to CE 1.0, CE 2.0, and CE 3.0 since 2010 onward. Although 10R hierarchy (from R0-R9) was proposed to solve confusion around new conceptions of circularity, the waste-to-energy (Recovery) does not promote resource efficiency when considering the loss of value of potentially recyclable materials through combustion. Circular Economy, when successfully implemented, can clearly bring environmental, social and economic benefits. However, a CE roadmap should integrate the key stakeholders’ views on the essential developments and actions required for the transition as well as clarifies their own role in the transition.
Highlights
It has been estimated that 20% of global material extraction ends up as waste [1]
The Circular economy (CE) is defined as a set of common economic behaviours based on the 9-R concept or ―R-behaviours‖ that promote the transition to a circular economy
The circular economy is gaining more attention as it aims to reduce the pressure on the ecosphere through a number of strategies
Summary
It has been estimated that 20% of global material extraction ends up as waste [1]. To minimize waste at best, products must be designed and industrial processes must be done to keep resources in use in a perpetual flow, a full circular economy. To implement a circular economy, it is important to define what producers should do to achieve the greatest impact. These action imperatives have been expressed as the various R‘s based on preference and priority [3]. A circular economy offers a path to reduce future resource and material supply chain risks for industries and businesses as well as increase their resilience to the shortage of supplies and sudden changes in prices. It helps reduce resource dependency, spur innovation and increase competitiveness. The transition to a circular economy often offers economic benefits, it is necessary to change production processes from linear to circular, which may require initial investments, modification of processes, feedstock, re-training of staff, and coordination within the wider value chain
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary 
Published Version (
Free)
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call