Abstract
One in five Americans experience Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease, but the disease has multiple treatments, such as Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI). However, the effects of PPIs may induce more harmful effects on the gut microbiome, and less treatable symptoms such as inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, obesity, and even cancer may occur. PPIs reduce acid secretion within the stomach and reduce stomach acid in the esophagus. The side effects of PPIs on the gut microbiome have yet to be researched extensively. This study suggests that Lansoprazole, a PPI, may cause significant changes in gut bacteria growth. An adapted method of in vitro digestion modeled the digestive systems of a human. Solutions replicating the environment of the mouth, stomach, and intestines were combined with a human dosage of Lansoprazole, and the pH was adjusted at different segments to model the low pH environments of the stomach and the neutral pH of the intestines. The respective solutions were then exposed to gut bacteria, E. coli, and S. epidermidis. These gut bacterias represent specific bacteria species within the intestinal tract. Data indicated that E. coli grew approximately 50% as much as the control at 20-minutes and less than 25% as much as the control at 40-minutes. S. epidermidis grew significantly less than the control, with approximately 60% as much at 20-minutes and approximately 15% as much at 40-minutes. In conclusion, studies indicate Lansoprazole treats GERD, but side effects from consuming the drug may cause gut dysbiosis, which may lead to the side effects previously mentioned.
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