Abstract
A tension transducer with a measurable range between 0 and 500 millipond (precision 0,01 mp) was constructed and used to record oscillating contraction activities in plasmodia of the acellular slime mould Physarum polycephalum . The results obtained under isometric and isotonic conditions of measurement can be summarized as follows: 1. The longitudinal contraction rhythms , first demonstrated by Kamiya (1970) in isolated protoplasmic strands (veins), can also be revealed in the plasmodia in situ , without amputating the protoplasmic veins. Therefore they represent spontaneous, endogenous oscillations . 2. Contact point measurements with a glass or metal rod weighing 50 to 300 mgs permit the demonstration of radial contraction activities of the protoplasmic veins 3. Longitudinal as well as radial contraction activities are not the immediate consequence of the protoplasmic shuttle streaming within the veins, which means they persist when shuttle streaming is experimentally inhibited. 4. As shown by the effect of 5 × 10 −4 M DNP on contraction activity, tensiometric measurements represent a sensitive method to investigate the influence of chemical substances and drugs on the physiology of cytoplasmic actomyosins. The correlation of physiological results and topography of the actomyosin-fibrils within protoplasmic veins of Physarum is discussed. There is a longitudinal and a circular system of fibrils within protoplasmic strands which may be responsible for the corresponding contraction activities recorded by tensiometric measurements. Therefore, the results of these measurements are in good agreement with morphological, biochemical and physiological data concerning the cytoplasmic actomyosins and their contraction mechanism generating the motive force for the shuttle streaming in Physarum . Mit Hilfe eines Tensiometers (Meßbereich: 0–500 millipond, Präzision 0,01 mp) wurden oscillierende Kontraktionsaktivitäten der Plasmodien von Physarum polycephalum unter isometrischen und isotonischen Meßbedingungen untersucht. Die von Kamiya (1970) an amputierten Adern nachgewiesenen longitudinalen Kontraktionsaktivitäten konnten auch in situ dargestellt werden und stellen daher spontane, endogene Oscillationen dar. Außer dieser longitudinalen Kontraktionsrhythmik konnte in situ auch eine radiale Kontraktionsrhythmik der Protoplasmaadern nachgewiesen werden. Beide Kontraktionsaktivitäten spiegeln nicht die protoplasmatische Pendelströmung wider und sind nicht unmittelbar an diese gebunden. Wie durch die reversible und irreversible Wirkung von 5 × 10 −4 M DNP gezeigt wird, ist die tensiometrische Messung eine geeignete Methode, um den Einfluß von Stoffwechselinhibitoren auf die Arbeitsweise cytoplasmatischer Actomyosine zu prüfen. Die Korrelation der physiologischen Ergebnisse mit der topographischen Anordnung von Actomyosin-Fibrillen in experimentell unbeeinflußten Protoplasmaadern wird diskutiert.
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