Technological process of application of mineral fertilizers by self-loading machine

Abstract

The article presents a study of centrifugal distributors, advantages and disadvantages of their use are identified. Based on this, in order to improve technological means for the surface application of mineral fertilizers, it was proposed to develop a self-loading distributor for solid mineral fertilizers from soft containers, which in an aggregate with energy means would perform the functions of transporting mineral fertilizers to the field, loading them into the distributor bunker and their distribution over the surface of the field. It proves that the topic is relevant and is of great economic importance. This article offers a description of the device, the principle of operation and its technical characteristics. It also presents the sequential operations of the technological process: loading, transportation of fertilizers to the field and the very introduction of mineral fertilizers. The objective is to improve the operational and technological characteristics of the self-loading fertilizer distributor, which is provided by the knives’ installation scheme, their shape, which allows to obtain a consistently large opening for the release of fertilizers and is equipped with a dressing grid. The proposed design and technological solution allows the distributor to be self-loaded with solid mineral fertilizers packed in soft disposable containers weighing up to 1 ton, using a lift installed at the rear of the tractor frame, cutting the bottom of this container and uniform feeding of fertilizers to the spreading disc. In this case, the upper part of the cover of the soft container acts as a part of the distributor bunker, increasing its useful volume.