Abstract
The article presents a study of centrifugal distributors. The advantages and disadvantages of their use are identified. Based on this, in order to improve technological means for the surface application of mineral fertilizers, it was proposed to develop a self-loading distributor for solid mineral fertilizers from soft containers, which in an aggregate with energy means would perform the functions of transporting mineral fertilizers to the field, loading them into the distributor bunker and their distribution over the surface of the field. It proves that the topic is relevant and is of great economic importance. This article offers a description of the device, the principle of operation and its technical characteristics. It also presents the sequential operations of the technological process: loading, transportation of fertilizers to the field and the very introduction of mineral fertilizers. The purpose is to improve the operational and technological characteristics of the self-loading fertilizer distributor, which is provided by the knives installation scheme, their shape, which allows obtaining a consistently large opening for the release of fertilizers and is equipped with a dressing grid. The proposed design and technological solution allows the distributor being selfloaded with solid mineral fertilizers packed in soft disposable containers weighing up to 1 ton, using a lift installed at the rear of the tractor frame, cutting the bottom of this container and uniform feeding of fertilizers to the spreading disc. In this case, the upper part of the cover of the soft container acts as a part of the distributor bunker, increasing its useful volume
Highlights
The desire of farmers to obtain maximum yields is the basis for the widespread use of fertilizers
A significant part of solid mineral fertilizers is applied by scattering them on the surface of fields using centrifugal distributors
The widespread use of centrifugal distributors is due to a number of their advantages: high productivity, a wide range of application rates, a fairly simple and compact design and the possibility of using solid mineral fertilizers with different physical properties [1]
Summary
The desire of farmers to obtain maximum yields is the basis for the widespread use of fertilizers. The diversity of soil and cultivated crops, and the difference in their fertility require an almost unlimited combination of types and doses of mineral nutrition. A characteristic feature of the use of mineral fertilizers has become their supply in packaged form in soft disposable containers with a mass of from 0.5 to 1.0 tons. In these containers, mineral fertilizers are transferred to agricultural enterprises and stored in them until being used. This ensures the best preservation of mineral fertilizers [2]
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