Technological and metallophysical researches of surfaces during laser methods

Abstract

The article considers the aspects of changing the metallophysical parameters of the surface layer (microhardness, stress plot, phase and structural compositions), as well as the roughness and size of the surface layer, which are formed by laser technological methods (cutting, welding) and combined based on laser radiation (laser thermal hardening and ultrasonic smoothing). Laser welding modes are optimized according to the crack resistance criterion; the phase composition in the zone of thermal influence during laser cutting can change not only due to internal structural transformations, but also under the influence of external factors (process gases, nozzle design, etc.). Combined combinations based on laser radiation (laser thermal hardening and ultrasonic smoothing) provide the formation of a plot of compressive stresses with the growth of the latter by 30–45 %; an increase in hardness by 40...50 %; a decrease in roughness by 5...6 %. All these studies have ensured the introduction of the considered laser methods into the production cycle.