Techno-economic assessment of hydrogen integrated into electrical/thermal energy storage in PV+ Wind system devoting to high reliability

Abstract

High reliability is a very important guarantee for the power generation system. Hydrogen storage (HS) is regarded as an alternative fuel energy storage technology with a long-term timescale, which, combined with fuel cells, has the potential to achieve extremely high reliability of renewable energy power generation. This work aims to explore the significance of integrating HS into electricity / thermal energy storage systems. Six energy storage scenarios are proposed considering battery / thermal energy storage with or without HS technology in the combination of the photovoltaic array and wind turbine system. The capacities of components are determined by multi-objective optimization with the objective of levelized cost of energy (LCOE) and loss of power supply probability (LPSP). The operation behaviors of energy storage modes are analyzed, and the economy and reliability of the system with or without HS are evaluated considering the stable and fluctuating loads in the current and HS-cost reduction scenarios. Results indicate that HS is very significant for achieving high generation reliability. When integrating HS into the battery or thermal energy storage system, extremely high reliability (LPSP < 0.01 %) could be obtained. The coexistence of battery, thermal energy storage, and HS system has the most superior economic performance under high reliability, whose LCOE is reduced by 12.01 % in stable load and 16.16 % in fluctuating load compared with no HS system when LPSP is 0.01 %. The reduction of HS cost promotes the system to integrate HS, leading to the critical LPSP of integrating HS increases.