Abstract
This study focused on evaluating the energy performance and economic viability of a direct expansion photovoltaic-Thermal Heat Pump (PV-T/HP) system for residential heating applications in various regions of Brazil. A detailed mathematical model was implemented to compare the PV-T/HP system with other solar heating technologies, as photovoltaic with solar evacuated tubes collector (PV+TSC) and photovoltaic with electrical heat water (PV+EHW), analyzing key metrics such as electrical efficiency, thermal efficiency, and levelized cost of heat (LCOH). The study revealed variations ranging from 7.5 to 2.5 in the Coefficient of Performance (COP) of the heat pump under different solar irradiation and ambient temperature conditions, emphasizing the necessity for future optimization to enhance the system performance. Results indicated that cities with the lower ambient temperature such as Belo Horizonte and Porto Alegre exhibited favorable conditions for the PV-T/HP system, leading to increased energy generation and positive net electricity production. The study highlighted the need for tailored strategies to control system operations, limit compressor consumption, and improve overall efficiency. These findings contribute to the understanding of PV-T/HP systems in residential heating applications, showcasing their potential for sustainable energy solutions in Brazil.
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