Abstract
Achieving electrification in an island considering less emission and levelized energy cost is a challenging goal on developing islands such as Kalpeni Island. This work exhibits the techno-economic assessment of a standalone hybrid system to generate power to Kalpeni Island, India through sensitivity and optimization analysis using HOMER software. Various system configurations like solar/DG, wind/DG, solar/wind/DG, and solar/wind are analyzed based on cost and electrical parameters. Based on the optimization results, the best hybrid system is chosen for Kalpeni Island considering different solar tracking methods. Then, multi-year and sensitivity analysis are performed to analyze the effect of load growth, rising diesel price, rising battery minimum SOC, rising PVS derating, rising photovoltaic cell temperature, and changing inverter and rectifier efficiency. The system operated with a solar photovoltaic system (PVS) and diesel generator (DG) with a tracking system on a vertical axis (TSVA) shows the best optimization result compared to other hybrid configurations with a low levelized energy cost (LEC) of 0.222 $/kWh and net present cost (CNP) of $448,269 for the chosen location. The TSVA plays a vital role on power production in the system operated with solar and DG sources, which produces 9.77% more power compared to fixed system without tracking (FSWT). The total emission produced in the system operated with solar and diesel generator with TSVA is 88.2% less compared to an WT/DG configuration operated with FSWT.
Highlights
The levelized energy cost (LEC) is low in photovoltaic system (PVS)/diesel generator (DG) and PVS/wind turbine (WT)/DG configuration at 0.223 $/kWh in fixed system without tracking (FSWT)
When compared to FSWT, 10.73% power production is increased in PVS/DG, 9.77% is increased in PVS/WT/DG and 10.35% is increased in PVS/WT while using a tracking system on a vertical axis (TSVA)
The standalone solar/DG, wind/DG, solar/wind/DG and solar/wind with fixed system without tracking (FSWT), tracking system on a horizonal axis (TSHA), tracking system on a vertical axis (TSVA) and tracking system on dual axis (TSDA) were analyzed and compared using HOMER software based on the estimated load profile for residential and load profile for commercial with street lights and environmental conditions of Kalpeni
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. The electrical demand increases in proportion to an increase in population, residence, new industries, and the establishment of various commercial outlets. The increased use of various electrical appliances in household such as geysers, air conditioners, computers, etc. Are inclined to raise the daily energy demand. The two types of generating power are stand-alone and the system with grid-connection. According to recent data from the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy, India, the capacity installed of conventional sources such as coal is 53.4%, non-conventional sources are 36.2%, and other sources are
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