SYNTHETIC TERMS OF UKRAINIAN MUSEUM SCIENCE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE POLYSEMY PHENOMENON

Abstract

We have analyzed the phenomenon of polysemy in the Ukrainian term system of museum business, described the main types of ambiguity of synthetic terms of professional language of museum officers, classified ambiguous terms units by different criteria and identified specifics of their semantic structure. In the modern terminology of museum work, there is a clear tendency to unambiguous terms. However, we have a significant number of units that can nominate several concepts in this term system that was identified also in many others. The ambiguous units include exhibition, gallery, museum, museology, index, restoration, etc. The group of three-digit terms consists of the following units: museography, sudok, etc. The four-digit terms in museology occur in isolated cases, e.g. act, etc. Three types of polysemy were identified in the studied terminological system based on the analysis of the semantic structure of the multivalued terminological units present in the terminological system. They are: intrasystemic (it could appear as a result of metonymic transfers of names in the terminology of the museum case («collection of something – institution that keeps such a collection»: herbarium, etc .; device – a building that has such a device”: planetarium, etc.) and metaphorical nomination (office – a room in the house or apartment for classes, business conversations, etc. / variety of museum furniture, etc.), intersystem (intersectoral) (deposit (in museology, economics), exposition (in museology, geography), shield (in museology, geology), etc.), and externally systemic (donation, dating) polysemy. According to the structural composition, the derivative and non-derivative term units are distinguished among the multi-valued synthetic terms of the professional language of museology. They are: a) terms – root units: act, gallery, legend, museum, shield, etc .; b) derived terms – units formed by suffixation or prefixation: exhibition, subtext, etc.; c) complex terms: gallery-museum, lecturer-guide, museology, museography, etc. The analysis of ambiguous synthetic terms of museum business indicates their distribution in this terminology, despite the fact that polysemy is an undesirable phenomenon for term systems in general, that was evidenced by the requirements for «ideal» terms.