Synthesis of polymer composite materials and their biomedical applications

Abstract

Composites are the macroscopic scale materials formed due to the combination of two or more materials having different compositions, morphology, physical and chemical properties. These materials develop some new or improved physical, chemical, mechanical and other properties which do not convoy to their individual components. These composite materials are developed and synthesized in order to fulfill some special applications. These materials are composed of different polymers and are more common and popularly widespread than the metals and ceramic matrix composites because of their advantages like low cost, ease of processing technology, and variety of applications in different fields especially the advanced medical sectors. In this review we have to focus on the classifications of different polymer composites, their method of synthesis, properties and applications in the biomedical fields. Different reinforcing or filler materials are the major backbone of a composite and their properties trigger the overall properties of the composite. Many polymer composite and green composite materials are bioactive in nature, and due to this particular nature many of these are recently commercialized and some of them are under investigation for the purpose of biomedical applications like bone, artificial skin, heart valve, tendon repair, ligament repair, teeth, oral tissues, and wound dressing. In the advanced medical research many artificial organs of human body can be made from the sustainable polymer composite and biocomposite materials. The advantages of polymeric materials based composite over the other traditional materials and its application in biomedical field are the major concern in this review.