Abstract
A simple and cost effective chemical technique has been utilized to prepare cadmium sulphide (CdS) nanoparticles at room temperature. The sample is characterized with XRD (X-ray diffractometer), SEM (scanning electron microscope), TEM (transmission electron microscope), FTIR (Fourier transform infrared), EDX (energy dispersive X-rays), and UV-VIS (ultraviolet visible) spectrophotometer. The particle size estimated using X-ray line broadening method is ~21.5 nm. While particle size estimation, both instrumental and strain broadening was taken into account. The lattice strain was evaluated using Williamson-Hall equation. SEM illustrates formation of submicron size crystallites and TEM image gives a particle size of ~23.5 nm. The characteristic stretching vibration frequency of CdS was observed in the absorption band in FTIR spectrum. Optical absorption study exhibits a band gap energy value of about 2.44 eV.
Highlights
Semiconductor nanoparticles are an important class of materials with numerous applications in the fabrication of optoelectronic devices, photonic transducers, and photoluminescent tags for biological studies [1]
Cadmium sulphide thin film was prepared by successive dipping of a precleaned glass substrate in cadmium acetate [Cd(CH3COO)2⋅2H2O] solution and ammonium sulphide [(NH4)2S] solution, both kept at room temperature. 0.1 M cadmium acetate solution was used as cationic precursor
Dipping of the substrate in cationic precursors leads to the absorption of metal (M2+) ions [Cd2+ ion in this case] and subsequent dipping in anionic precursors leads to the absorption of sulpher (S2−) ions
Summary
Semiconductor nanoparticles are an important class of materials with numerous applications in the fabrication of optoelectronic devices, photonic transducers, and photoluminescent tags for biological studies [1]. Large-scale synthesis of semiconductor nanoparticles such as solid powder is critically important for the study of their physical properties and for their industrial applications in the areas of catalysis, photocatalysis, and microelectronics. The characteristic absorption of light for CdS is in the visible range with a bulk band gap of ∼2.4 eV at room temperature [5]. Many of these nanoparticles can be prepared using simple wet-chemical methods of synthesis that allow one to manipulate the electronic properties of the particles [6,7,8,9]. In powder form, CdS has been synthesized using hydrothermal/solvothermal methods, thermal decomposition [10,11,12], single-molecule precursors approach [13], and chemical precipitation technique with or without capping agent [4]
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