Abstract
Synthesis and characterizations of Biodegradable Plastic made of Cassava Waste Starch, glycerol, acetic acid and Aloe vera extract has done. The aims of this research are to study the influence of addition of aloe vera extract in plastics mechanics properties, water vapor transmission rate and biodegradation. There are five main steps in this research, extraction of aloe vera, cassava starch preparation from cassava waste, preparations, characterization and biodegradability study of biodegradable plastic. The addition variations of aloe vera extract that used in this research are 0.01; 0.03; 0.05; 0.07 and 0.14 grams. Results showed that the addition of aloe Vera tends to increased biodegrable plastic thickness to 0.01 mm and elongation to 32.07%. However, biodegradable plastic tensile strength tends to decreased to 23.95 Mpa. Optimum tensile strength is 3.90 Mpa and elongation is 34.43%. Optimum water vapor transmission rate is 2.40 g/m2hours. Biodegradation study of biodegradable plastic showed that addition of aloe vera extract doesn’t significantly influence in plastic degradations.
Highlights
Synthesis and characterizations of Biodegradable Plastic made of Cassava Waste Starch
The aims of this research are to study the influence of addition of aloe vera extract in plastics mechanics properties
The addition variations of aloe vera extract that used in this research are
Summary
Program Studi Kimia, Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta Jl Marsda Adisucipto No 1, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia. Sintesis dan karakterisasi plastik biodegradable dari pati onggok singkong, gliserol, asam asetat dan ekstrak lidah buaya telah dilakukan. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penambahan ekstrak lidah buaya terhadap sifat mekanik, laju transmisi uap air serta biodegradasi plastik. Terdapat lima tahapan utama dalam penelitian yaitu pembuatan ekstrak lidah buaya, pembuatan pati dari onggok singkong, pembuatan plastik biodegradable, karakterisasi plastik biodegradable dan uji biodegradasi plastik. Variasi ekstrak lidah buaya yang digunakan yaitu 0,01; 0,03; 0,05; 0,07 dan 0,14 gram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak lidah buaya cenderung meningkatkan ketebalan sampai 0,01 mm dan elongasi plastik biodegradable sampai 32,07%, namun menurunkan kuat tarik plastik biodegradable sampai 23,95 MPa. Kuat tarik dan elongasi terbesar yaitu 3,90 MPa dan 34,43%. Uji biodegradasi plastik biodegradable bahwa penambahan ekstrak lidah buaya tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap degradasi plastik. Kata kunci: biodegradable, pati, gliserol, ekstrak lidah buaya, biodegradasi
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