Abstract
Background: 15% of adults in the United States suffer from gallstones, with about 1 million cases diagnosed each year. The risk factors leading to a higher risk of developing gallstones include obesity, along with older age and females with multiple pregnancies where 60% of them undergo cholecystectomy. There are various different managements, mainly including open cholecystectomy, laparoscopic surgery, as well as medical treatments. Aim: In this review, we aim to study the diagnosis, presentation, and different management approach of gall stones, along with their indication and contraindication. Materials and Methods: We conducted this review using a comprehensive search of MEDLINE, PubMed, and EMBASE, January 2001, through February 2017. The following search terms were used: cholelithiasis, open cholecystectomy, laparoscopic surgery, prophylactic cholecystectomy, medical management of gall stones. Conclusion: Gallstones are still a major cause of undergoing surgery worldwide. Correct recognition of gall stone disease, with appropriate management technique results in high success rate. Most patients undergo surgery only after they are symptomatic.
Published Version
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