Abstract
A general survey of the thermodynamics of surfaces is presented. Three domains are investigated: (a) the case where the entropy production is reduced to adsorption and chemical reaction, with the equilibrium as a special case; (b) the linear nonequilibrium thermodynamics initiated by Onsager; (c) the nonlinear region characterized by an excess entropy production. In some cases, far from equilibrium, the surface may become unstable after a threshold. Self-organization such as space and temporal dissipative structures may then occur in the surface.
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