Abstract
Model alloys, Fe-20Cr and Fe-20Cr-20Ni (wt%), and these alloys doped with 0.5% Si or 2% Mn, were exposed to Ar-20%CO2-20%H2O-(0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1.0%)SO2 gas mixtures at 650°C. The reaction kinetics were analyzed gravimetrically and the reaction products were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. In sulfur-free gases, thick iron-rich oxide scales and internal carbides formed on alloys of Fe-20Cr-(2Mn) and Fe-20Cr-20Ni-(0.5Si). Additions of SO2 promoted the maintenance of protective chromia scale on these alloys, but had no benefit for the already highly corrosion resistant Fe-20Cr-0.5Si and Fe-20Cr-20Ni-2Mn alloys. The role of sulfur in retarding carburization is discussed with reference to its strong adsorption on oxide-metal interfaces and oxide grain boundaries.
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