Abstract
Supported lipid bilayers are artificial lipid bilayer membranes existing at the interface between solid substrates and aqueous solution. Surface structures and properties of the solid substrates affect the formation process, fluidity, two-dimensional structure and chemical activity of supported lipid bilayers, through the 1–2 nm thick water layer between the substrate and bilayer membrane. Even on SiO2/Si and mica surfaces, which are flat and biologically inert, and most widely used as the substrates for the supported lipid bilayers, cause differences in the structure and properties of the supported membranes. In this review, I summarize several examples of the effects of substrate structures and properties on an atomic and nanometer scales on the solid-supported lipid bilayers, including our recent reports.
Highlights
Cell membranes are the reaction fields of the transportation of materials, signals and energy into and out of cells
Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs), which are artificial lipid bilayer membranes existing at the solid-liquid interfaces, are used to investigate the fundamental physicochemical properties of lipid bilayers and are used as cell membrane model systems in vitro
Lipid molecules in SLBs do not directly adsorb on the solid substrate, but are separated from it by 1–2 nm thick water layer [5,6,7,8,9,10,11], the SLBs are available for the studies of the dynamics in lipid bilayer membranes, such as lipid diffusion and domain formation
Summary
Cell membranes are the reaction fields of the transportation of materials, signals and energy into and out of cells. Lipid molecules in SLBs do not directly adsorb on the solid substrate, but are separated from it by 1–2 nm thick water layer [5,6,7,8,9,10,11], the SLBs are available for the studies of the dynamics in lipid bilayer membranes, such as lipid diffusion and domain formation. Surface patterning and machining techniques can be applied to the area-selective SLB formation and manipulation of molecules in SLBs [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32] These SLB devices are expected as a powerful tool for the analysis of membrane proteins, which account for roughly half of the targets of drug discovery [33]. It relates to the chemical reactivity of SLB to peptides
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