SUBJECT CULTURE CODE "KAZAKH YURT": GENESIS AND SEMANTICS

Abstract

The article includes the analysis of the semantics of the subject code Kazakh yurt. At present, the issues of content and semantics, functions, definitions of the term "cultural code" are the subject of scientific research in many branches of the humanities. In the scientific discourse there is a significant number of works, the authors of which put different ideas and meanings in the concept of "cultural code", which is due to its polysemantic and versatility features. But at the same time, the researchers are unanimous that cultural code is an integral part, semantic core, matrix of the cultural process; is an essential component of the national picture of the world. The location of functioning and self-presentation of cultural codes in the spiritual sphere are the so-called secondary sign systems (along with natural languages, recognized as the original "basic semiotic system", as primary sign system), namely: myth, religion, folklore, literature, art - painting , dance, architecture, sculpture, cinema, science, etc., which play a dominant role in the process of generation and transmission of socio-cultural knowledge, experience and values ​​of society. The source and context for the formation of cultural codes is the Universe: 1) objects and phenomena of the natural landscape environment surrounding a person, the near and far Universe; 2) a person – who is feeling, seeing, hearing, tactile, thinking, with his inherent higher forms of thinking and self-consciousness; 3) society, i.e. a community of individuals and individualities; 4) the world of objects and things created by human, i.e. realities of ethnic culture. In the system of cultural codes, an important place is occupied by the subject code, which includes an extremely wide list of objects and phenomena of nature, as well as the materialized results of human activity, which, as a result of semiosis, along with their immanently inherent properties, can be attributed with other qualities/ meanings / functions, i.e. acquire the status of a sign/symbol. It is concluded that the yurt archetype was formed on the basis of the most archaic stage of cosmological ideas about the multi-tiered Universe and vertical axis of the world connecting all its parts, as well as the cult of the sun, sky, the goddess Umai, the cult of ancestors, etc.