Study on water entry characteristics of the projectile colliding with the floating ice based on fluid-structure interaction method: Dynamic response and energy conversion

Abstract

This study investigates the water entry process of the collision between the ocean detector and the floating ice in polar environments, which is crucial for detecting polar ocean energy. The study utilizes the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) method to analyze the dynamic characteristics of the projectile colliding with the floating ice and the energy change between objects. The effect of the size, structure, and distribution of the floating ice on the water entry process is also taken into account. Experiments have verified the accuracy of the FSI method. The presence of floating ice alters the cavity evolution and subsequently affects the water entry state of the projectile. The width of the floating ice also has a noticeable effect on the cavity evolution during collision water entry. Smaller floating ice sizes result in lower kinetic energy loss after the projectile collides with the floating ice. As the mass of the floating ice increases, the elastic strain energy generated by the projectile when it first collides with the floating ice increases. After the collision separation, the elastic strain energy generated by the second collision is also greater. Additionally, stress concentration occurs during the collision, and the hydrodynamic force on the object is influenced by the evolution of the cavity. When the projectile collides with the edges of the floating ice on both sides, a unique spherical splash crown is formed. This collision mode results in a lower loss of kinetic energy and elastic strain energy compared to colliding with single floating ice.