Abstract
The significant amount of dust generated during the metal mining process affects both personnel health and the environment. Some mines, such as magnetite mines, produce magnetic dust that is easily adsorbed onto equipment, causing equipment failure and other issues. To solve such problems, a composite dust suppressant was synthesized in this study using carboxymethyl cellulose sodium (CMC-Na), primary alcohol ethoxylate (AEO), and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as raw materials. Firstly, the optimal ratio was determined according to the response surface method. Subsequently, the performance and dust reduction efficiency of the suppressant was evaluated. According to the optimal formulation ratio, the dust suppressant exhibited a viscosity of 34.5 mPa·s and a surface tension of 28.46 mN/m. The wind erosion resistance, compressive strength, and water retention of the dust samples were improved following the dust suppressant application. The loss rates were only 0.025% and 0.9% at wind speeds of 3.5 m/s and 20 m/s, respectively. Simulation experiments indicated that the suppressant achieved a dust suppression efficiency of 82.7% for respirable dust and 90.91% for total dust. These results demonstrate that the suppressant possesses high dust removal efficiency and effective dust suppression, aligning with the application requirements of metal mines and contributing to the mitigation of dust issues during mining operations.
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