Study on New Extraction Technology and Chemical Composition of Litsea Cubeba Essential Oil

Abstract

Evaluated with the yield of litsea cubeba essential oil, water extraction technology of essential oil from the seed of Litsea Cubeba (Lour.) Pers. assisted by microwave and ultrasonic is studied for the first time in this paper. The optimal water extraction technology of litsea cubeba essential oil assisted by pure microwave is as follows: extracting time 40 minutes, microwave power 650 W, solid-liquid ratio 1:4 (g/ml). Average yield of litsea cubeba essential oil is up to 10.287% (g/g) under the above optimal technology. The optimal water extraction technology of litsea cubeba essential oil assisted by microwave together with ultrasonic is as follows: extracting time 8 minutes, microwave power 600 W, solid- liquid ratio 1:7 (g/ml), extracting temperature 85°C. Average yield of litsea cubeba essential oil is up to 14.188% under the above optimal technology. Microwave and ultrasonic can effectively enhance the extraction process of litsea cubeba essential oil. Chemical composition of litsea cubeba essential oil, including its components and the concent of each determined component, is analized by Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). 44 compounds in the oil extracted by water assisted by pure microwave are seperated and 31 of which are identified as Bicyclo-(3,1,1)hept-2-ene, 2,6,6-trimethyl-,(±)-; � -pinene; 5-Hepten-2-one,6-methyl-; � -pinene; Bicyclo-(3,1,0)hexan-2- ol, 2-methyl-5-(1-methylethy)-(1� ,2� ,5� )-; 1-Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-,acetate; Camphene; 1,5,5- trimethyl -6- methyl ene-cyclohexene; Linalool; Bicyclo-(2,2,1)heptane-2,5-diol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-,(2-endo, 5-exol)-; 5-Caranol,trans,trans-(+)-; Isoborneol; Bicyclo (3,1,1)hept-3-en -2-ol,4,6,6-trimethyl-,(1s-(1� ,2� ,5� ))-; geranialdehyde; Estragole; 2-(4-methyl-6- (2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-enyl)hexa-1,3,5-trienyl)cyclohex-1-en-1-carboxaldehyde; Ethanol,2-(9,12-octadecadienyloxy)-, (z,z)-; 1-Heptatriacotanol; Caryophyllene; � -Caryophyllene; n-Decanoic acid; Caryophyllene oxide; Bicyclo(4,4,0)dec-2- ene-4-ol,2-methyl-9-(prop-1-en-3-ol-2-yl)-; Dodecanoic acid; Retinol; Fenretinide; 5-(7� -lsopropenyl-4,5-dimethyl- octahydroinden-4-yl)-3-methyl-penta-2,4-dien-l-ol; Podocarp-7-en-3-one, 1,3� -methyl-1,3-vinyl-; 4,8,13-Cyclotetradeca- triene-1,3-diol,1,5,9-trimethyl-12-(1-methylethyl)-; 1-Heptatriacotanol; 5-(7a-lsopropenyl-4,5-dimethyl-octahydroinden- 4-yl)-3-methyl-penta-2,4-doen-1-ol. 48 compounds in the oil extracted by water assisted by microwave together with ultrasonic are seperated and 31 of which are identified as Bicyclo-(3,1,1)hept-2-ene, 2,6,6-trimethyl-,(±)-; � -pinene; 5-Hepten-2-one,6-methyl-; � -pinene; 1- Methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-,acetate; Camphene; 1,5,5- trimethyl -6- methyl -ene-cyclohexene; Linalool; � - Caryophyllene; Isoborneol; 5,8,11-Heptadecatrien-1-ol; � -terpineol; Bicyclo (3,1,1) he pt-3-en-2-ol,4,6,6-trimethyl-,(1s- (1� ,2� ,5� ))-; geranialdehyde; Estragole; Ethanol,2-(9,12-octadecadienyloxy)-,(z,z)-; 1-Heptatriacotanol; Caryophyllene; � -Caryophyllene; n-Decanoic acid; Butylated Hydroxytoluene; Caryophyllene oxide; Bicyclo(4,4,0)dec-2-ene-4-ol,2- methyl-9-(prop-1-en-3-ol-2-yl)-; 3-Cyclohexen-4-ol-1-one,3-tridecanoyl-; Dodecanoic acid; Retinol; Fenretinide; 5-(7� - lsopropenyl-4,5-dimethyl-octahydroinden-4-yl)-3-methyl-penta-2,4-dien-l-ol; Podocarp-7-en-3-one, 1,3� -methyl-1,3- vinyl-; 10,12,14-Nonacosatriynoic acid; 1-Heptatriacotano.