Abstract
ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of successive harvesting times and shading on the production of biomass, yield and phytochemical composition of essential oil in leaves and inflorescences of soilless grown Lavandula dentata. Plants were grown in pots filled with sand, inside a polyethylene greenhouse, in a closed system at UFSM. Plants were harvested at 150, 213 and 320 days after planting date (DAP) in winter, spring and summer, respectively. At 150 DAP, a 50% shading screen was installed. The experimental design was a randomized 3x2 factorial in subdivided plots with 36 plants per subplot. Fresh (FM) and dry mass (DM), yield and chemical composition of essential oil in leaves and inflorescences were determined after each harvest date. The essential oil was extracted, using 70 g fresh mass of leaves and of inflorescences, respectively. Identification and quantification of compounds in the essential oil were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The FM of inflorescences was higher on plants harvested 213 DAP grown without shading while of leaves it was higher on plants harvested 320 DAP grown without shading. The yield of the essential oil was higher in the leaves of plants harvested 320 DAP grown without shading. Thirty-one compounds were identified and quantified, being the major ones 1.8 cineol, camphor and linalool, without significant difference among treatments. Three consecutive harvests can be made in August (150 DAP), October (213 DAP) and February (320 DAP) without replacing plants.
Highlights
Rendimento e composição do óleo essencial de lavanda cultivada em substrato Avaliou-se o efeito de sucessivas épocas de colheita e do sombreamento na produção de fitomassa, rendimento e composição fitoquímica do óleo essencial de folhas e inflorescências de Lavandula dentata em cultivo fora do solo
Several compounds were cited as major components in lavender essential oil in plants grown in Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Spain, Morocco and Turkey: 1,8 cineole, camphor, borneol, fenchol, α-pinene, β-pinene, trans-pinocarol and linalool (Bousmaha et al, 2005)
The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of successive cropping periods and two intensities of solar radiation in the production of biomass, yield and phytochemical composition of the essential oil of leaves and flowers of Lavandula dentata grown on substrate
Summary
Rendimento e composição do óleo essencial de lavanda cultivada em substrato Avaliou-se o efeito de sucessivas épocas de colheita e do sombreamento na produção de fitomassa, rendimento e composição fitoquímica do óleo essencial de folhas e inflorescências de Lavandula dentata em cultivo fora do solo. Lavender for essential oil production, in Brazil and other countries, is cultivated mainly in the field, with up to two annual harvests, when there is regrowth, usually made at maximum vegetative plant growth and/or full flowering (McNaughton, 2006). In southern Brazil, the growth and development of plants in conventional cultivation in soil in the winter months suffer negative effects of low temperatures and high rainfall (Alvares et al, 2014). To minimize these effects, the cultivation off-soil and in greenhouse is the alternative that allows the management of environmental conditions such as temperature and solar radiation intensity, as well as the availability of water and nutrients. From the industrial point of view, several harvests of aromatic plants throughout the year are favorable for commercial production of essential oils
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