Study on iodine nutrition and related influencing factors of children aged 8-10 in Wuhan

Abstract

Objective To understand the status of iodine nutrition and its related influencing factors of school-age children in Wuhan, so as to provide the basis for adjusting the strategies of IDD prevention and control. Methods In 5 districts of Wuhan (Hongshan, Hanyang, Hannan, Jiangxia, Dongxihu), non-boarding students aged 8-10 years old were selected from each of the five sample areas in the east, west, south, north and middle. Samples of urine and the cooking salt from their home were randomly colleted among children. Height, weight measurement and a self-administered questionnaire were conducted at the same time. A total of 942 valid questionnaires were collected, including 484 boys and 458 girls. Results The median of iodine content of children’s household salt was 23.20 mg/kg, the median of urinary iodine of children in the city was 251.00 μg/L. Children’s random urine iodine concentration was related to gender, whether kelp was consumed the day before the survey, the frequency of consuming milk, and whether they received radiological examinations ( P <0.05). Male ( OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.04-1.82), consumption of kelp the day before the survey ( OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.13-2.47) and radiological examination ( OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.05-1.52) were risk factors for children with urinary iodine concentration higher than the upper limit of the appropriate value ( P <0.05). The awareness rate of children’s iodine deficiency disease prevention knowledge in Wuhan was 69.64%. Conclusion The iodine nutritional status of children aged 8-10 years in Wuhan was higher than the appropriate level recommended by international organizations. The random urine iodine concentration of children was affected by many factors and the awareness rate of children’s iodine deficiency disease knowledge in Wuhan was low. Therefore, health education for children and residents on iodine deficiency disorders should be strengthened, and they should be properly guided and intervened to ensure that iodine deficiency is prevented while iodine excess is avoided. 【摘要】 目的 了解武汉市学龄儿童碘营养状况及其相关因素, 为调整儿童碘缺乏病防治策略提供依据。 方法 2019 年 在武汉市5个区 (洪山、汉阳、汉南、江夏、东西湖) 按东、西、南、北、中各抽取1所小学的8〜10岁儿童, 采集儿童随机一次 尿样、家庭食用盐样进行检测, 同时进行身高、体重测量及自填式问卷调查。共收集有效问卷942份, 其中男生484名, 女 生458名。 结果 儿童家庭食用盐碘含量中位数为 23.20 mg/kg, 儿童尿碘中位数为 251.00 μg/L, 儿童随机一次尿碘与性 别、调查前1天是否食用海带、食用牛奶频次及是否接受过放射检查相关( P 值均<0.05)。性别为男生 ( OR =1.38,95% CI = 1.04〜1.82)、调查前1天食用海带 ( OR =1.67,95% CI =1.13〜2.47)及接受过放射检查 ( OR =1.26,95% CI =1.05〜1.52)与儿 童尿碘水平高于适宜值上限均呈正相关( P 值均<0.05)。全市儿童碘缺乏病防治知识知晓率为69.64%。 结论 武汉市8 〜10岁儿童碘营养状况高于国际组织推荐的适宜量水平, 儿童随机一次尿碘水平受多种因素影响, 且儿童碘缺乏病知识知 晓率偏低。应加强儿童及居民碘缺乏病健康教育, 确保在防止发生碘缺乏的同时也避免碘过量。