Abstract
In this paper, the anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and the bio-surfactant rhamnolipid are mixed to achieve micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration, and the associated aniline removal efficiency is investigated. The impacts of five factors, including the mixing ratio of the SDS concentration to the rhamnolipid concentration, the pH, the salinity, the operating pressure, and the aniline concentration in the feed solution, on the aniline rejection and the membrane permeation flux are explored. The aniline rejection mechanism of the rhamnolipid mixture surfactant is analyzed. This study shows that the effect of these factors on the aniline rejection is in the order of pH > mixing ratio > operating pressure > aniline concentration > salinity; the factors that affect the membrane permeation flux are in the order of mixing ratio > operating pressure > salinity > pH > aniline concentration. Under the optimal test conditions (i.e., SDS:rhamnolipid = 8:2, pH = 5, salinity = 250 mmol/L, operating pressure = 3.5 bar, aniline concentration = 1.5 mM), the verification test results showed an aniline rejection of 78.36%.
Highlights
With the rapid development of the chemical industry in China in recent years, aniline has become a widely used compound
Aniline was produced by Shanghai Hushi Chemical Ltd., Shanghai, China, analytically pure; the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was produced by Shanghai Hushi Chemical Ltd., the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) was produced by Shanghai Hushi Chemical Ltd., chemically pure; rhamnolipid was produced by HuzhouZijin Biological Technology Ltd., Zhejiang, chemically pure; rhamnolipid was produced by HuzhouZijin Biological Technology Ltd., Zhejiang, China, 100% pure, critical micelle concentrations (CMCs) 50 mg/L
The results show that with an increasing solution pH value, the aniline rejection declines initially and gradually rises, and the membrane permeation flux increases with an increasing initially and gradually rises, and the membrane permeation flux increases with an increasing pH value
Summary
With the rapid development of the chemical industry in China in recent years, aniline has become a widely used compound. Chemical production has produced a significant amount of aniline wastewater. Such wastewater produces ecological hazards and threatens the human population’s health [1,2,3]. The current aniline wastewater treatment methods mainly include chemical methods, physical methods, and biological methods [4,5,6]. MEUF offers advantages including a simple operation, a high recovery efficiency, and a high removal efficiency [7,8,9,10,11],all of which make MEUF promising for aniline wastewater treatment
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