Study of the jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo hydrolysis and characterization of the obtained product

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to develop technological parameters for the hydrolysis of barrel jellyfish Rhizostoma pulmo involving the use of enzymatic agents «Enzy-mix» and alcalase, available through the domestic market, as well as to investigate the amino acid and mineral composition of the resultant hydrolysate.Methods used: the process of hydrolysis has been assessed based on the changes in peptide concentrations in the hydrolysate, the content of amino nitrogen, and the degree of hydrolysis. To investigate its chemical, amino acid, and mineral composition, the standard methods were used. Novelty: the use of jellyfish for hydrolysis after its thawing and the hydrolysis procedure not involving the addition of water into the raw material subjected to hydrolysis present a novel approach.Result: the optimal regime for hydrolysis of barrel jellyfish Rh. pulmo after its thawing has been identified, which was characterized by the use of 1% alcalase at the temperature 55±2 °C and duration of 1 h. It has been shown that alcalase is more effective in terms of amino nitrogen accumulation than enzymatic agent «Enzy-mix». The values of amino nitrogen after 1 h of hydrolysis involving the use of 1% alcalase were higher than the values of the same parameter obtained during the 3-hour hydrolysis involving 1.5% «Enzy-mix» at the temperature 40±2 °C. The hydrolysate, after its concentration to the dry matter exceeding 30%, contains no less than 15.1±0.59% of protein represented by 48% of essential amino acids, out of which leucine and isoleucine prevail (15 %). Among non-essential amino acids, the most prominent was glycine (17 %). For all essential amino acids, except for valine, the amino acid score exceeds 100%. In humans, consumption of around 20 g of the hydrolysate covers the daily physiological requirement of magnesium.Practical significance: the obtained data on the amino acid profile and mineral composition of the barrel jellyfish Rh. pulmo hydrolysate provide the basis for its consideration as a promising ingredient for the functional nutrition products.