Abstract
An attempt was made to produce anisotropic PrFeBCu-type permanent magnets from the cast ingot materials using an upset forging process. The effects of the casting condition of the ingot on the magnetic properties of the upset forged magnets were investigated. Most of the free iron which existed in the cast ingot material was removed by upset forging at high temperatures (approximately 900 °C), and this was achieved by a solid-liquid peritectic reaction between the free iron and the praseodymium-rich grain boundary phase thought to be aided by cracks in the Pr 2Fe 14B matrix grains caused by the upset forging. The magnetic alignment of the upset forged magnets can be explained by grain boundary gliding of the plate-like ferromagnetic matrix grains. A PrFeBCu magnet ( i H c ∼ 12.0 kOe, B r ∼ 10.5 kG) with good demagnetization character was produced by the upset forging of the ingot material at 900 °C.
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