Study of morphological changes in the kidney during modeling of ischemic-reperfusion injuries of the limb and massive blood loss

Abstract

The article presents the features of morphological disorders of liver tissue on the background of limb ischemia-reperfusion and massive blood loss. The aim of the work was to establish the presence of structural changes and the severity of morphological disorders of internal organs, remote from the primary place of ischemia-reperfusion during modeling the pathological process. The experiment was performed on 33 adult nonlinear white rats weighing 200-250 g, which were on the standard vivarium diet. Experimental animals were simulated with ischemic-reperfusion syndrome of the lower extremity and massive blood loss. Collection of materials was performed 1 h after intervention or release from the tourniquet and on the 1st, 3rd, 7th and 14th days. All interventions were performed under thiopental-sodium anesthesia (40 mg/kg body weight). Mostly structural violations were expressed as disturbance of blood supply of little and middle caliber blood vessels and also in initial dystrophic changes. During comparison of groups, depending on the severity, it was shown that both the isolated use of a tourniquet and massive blood loss had long-term, systemic consequences, however, more expressed in EG-2; single vascular glomeruli were shrunked, endothelial cells of arterioles were slightly damaged. On the 7th and 14th days changes in the structure of EG-1 were mostly absent, although in EG-2 the epitheliocytes of the outer layer of the capsule remained flattened, retained full blood vessels of the venous bed in the interstitium, and the vast majority of epitheliocytes of the excretory tubules were at different stages of hydropic dystrophy with partly desquamation of the epithelium in the gaps of the tubules. Also, the basal membranes of the tubules were not completely visualized, which indicates deep damage in the structures caused by acute ischemia as a result of bleeding. Thus, as combat trauma (blood loss) is in itself a life-threatening factor, the use of a tourniquet due to the development of ischemic-reperfusion process can complicate the course of the primary affection. Knowledge of the periodization of traumatic disease on the background of this pathology is important for the development of sanogenic effects in order to minimize this pathogenic factor.