Abstract
The health of student youth is largely determined by the level of functional capabilities of the organism, which depends on the level of motor activity, that is the total number of movements that a person performs in a given period of time. The purpose of the work is to establish the features of the relationship between the characteristics of adaptive capacity, functional status and level of development of psychophysiological functions and criteria for motor activity of students. The research was conducted on the basis of National Pirogov Memorial Medical University, where 385 students (200 young girls and 185 young boys) were supervised, who, taking into account the peculiarities of the distribution of different levels of motor activity, were divided into 3 comparison groups – with potentially low, medium and potentially high levels of motor activity. The values of daily energy consumption, number of locomotions and duration of the dynamic component in the daily budget were used as the leading criteria of hygienic assessment of students’ motor activity. Functional features and adaptive capabilities of the organism were determined using conventional methods. The analysis of the obtained results involved the use of a standard application package of multidimensional statistical analysis “Statistica 6.1 for Windows”. The results of studies conducted on the basis of correlation analysis procedures indicate the fact that the largest number of correlations between the characteristics of psychophysiological functions and the leading characteristics of health and indicators of academic performance in professionally oriented disciplines studied are recorded in girls, and boys who belonged to the group with an average level of physical activity (daily energy expenditure of 9000-11000 kJ in young girls and 11000-13500 kJ in young boys). The use of cluster analysis procedures during the prognostic assessment of indicators of health and academic performance in professionally-oriented disciplines, made it possible to identify 3 clusters of the studied characteristics of the functional state of students, which have the most pronounced effect on their values: visual-motor speed cluster (indicators of the latent period of simple and differentiated visual-motor response), visual-sensory cluster (indicators of critical fusion of light flickers and efficiency of work performed) and integrative-coordination cluster (a number of indicators that reflect the properties of major nervous processes, characteristics coordination of movements, indicators of attention functions, etc.). Using factor analysis procedures, it determined that both young girls and young boys have the most positive impact on academic performance in vocational disciplines such factors as “functional state of the visual sensory system”, “functional state of coordination” and “functional state of higher nervous activity”.
Highlights
Analyzing the results obtained during the application of correlation analysis procedures, it should be noted that the indicators of health and adaptive capacity of the body, typical for young girls of the 1st group of motor activity, were determined to have a close correlation with the characteristics of the level of development of such psychophysiological functions as the magnitude of the latent period of a simple visual-motor
The indicators of health and adaptive capacity of the body, inherent in young men of the 3rd group of motor activity, which were determined, had a close correlation with the data of the correlates of psychophysiological functions both for the number of touches (r=0.30, p
The lowest number of correlations was characteristic of students of the 3rd group of physical activity, indicators of students belonging to the 1st motor activity group, occupied an intermediate position
Summary
The issues of preserving the health of student youth, improving the adaptive and functional capabilities of girls and boys who study are among the most pressing issues of theoretical and preventive medicine that need to be addressed [13, 15, 20].In this context, it should be noted that the processes of gradual deterioration in the performance of students of modern higher education institutions, which are registered, raise these issues to one of the key places in the structure of unresolved issues and determine the comprehensive development of such areas of hygiene for children, adolescents and young people as university medicine in general and university hygiene in particular [3, 8, 13].Numerous recent scientific studies have shown that the health of student youth is largely determined by the level of functional capabilities of the body, which, in turn, depends on the level of motor activity, ie the total number of movements that a person performs for a single time interval (minute, hour, day, week). The issues of preserving the health of student youth, improving the adaptive and functional capabilities of girls and boys who study are among the most pressing issues of theoretical and preventive medicine that need to be addressed [13, 15, 20] In this context, it should be noted that the processes of gradual deterioration in the performance of students of modern higher education institutions, which are registered, raise these issues to one of the key places in the structure of unresolved issues and determine the comprehensive development of such areas of hygiene for children, adolescents and young people as university medicine in general and university hygiene in particular [3, 8, 13]. Among the unfavorable factors include educational overload, neglect of physical culture, unfavorable psychological climate, the presence of bad habits [1, 4, 7, 14, 17, 22, 23]
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