Abstract
The aim of the research: to optimize the treatment of patients with a disturbed cytokine profile by a bacterial lysate in an experimental model of periodontitis against the background of changes in the local and systemic immune response.
 Materials and methods: prospective study has been conducted on experimental periodontitis in 42 rats for 90 days. The animals were treated by solution of «Respibron» and the reference drug «Imudon». The concentration of cytokines in the blood serum was determined by the enzyme immunoassay, circulating immune complexes – precipitation method is measured on a spectrophotometer, C-reactive protein – using a latex diagnosticum. All interventions and euthanasia of animals were carried out in compliance with the European principles.
 Results: the obtained data from the study indicate a high degree a state of decompensation of experimental periodontitis. An immuno-inflammatory reaction preceding periodontitis is accompanied by the disturbances of the cytokine balance, local and systemic immune response. Applying of bacterial lysates led to the compensation of bacterial dysbiosis, restoration of the balance of the activity of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and a decrease the hyperactivity of immunological markers.
 Conclusion: the studies carried out have shown that the use of bacterial lysate is a pathogenetically substantiated component of therapeutic tactics. The normalizing effect of the lysate on the parameters of the immune response and cytokine profile has been reliably shown. Considering the immuno-inflammatory reaction at the experimental periodontitis, accompanied by the cytokine imbalance, study the pharmacological correction by bacterial lysate should continue from the point of view of establishing the mechanisms of development, protection, and restoration of tissues.
 
 It has been proved that by the end of the 90-day period of observation of the course of experimental periodontitis, the power of natural compensatory mechanisms acquired a state of decompensation. It has manifested by increased pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β in 1.7 times, and TNF-α in 3 times, decreased anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in 1.6 times; increased the concentration of CIC in the blood in 2 times, C-reactive protein in 4.4 times at the local level in the gum tissue homogenate of the control pathology group of animals.
 The powerful corrective effect of bacterial lysates «Respibron» and «Imudon» on the indicators of the cytokine series on the model of chronic experimental periodontitis has been reliably established. The normalizing effect is due to the compensation of bacterial dysbiosis, restoration of the balance of the activity of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and a decrease in the hyperactivity of immunological markers.
 The therapeutic effect of «Respibron» (bacterial lysate of 13 strains of microorganisms) can be assessed as expressive and more powerful in comparison with «Imudon».
 
 The obtained results make it possible to continue the study of the course of experimental periodontitis from the point of view of establishing the mechanisms of development, protection, and restoration of tissues under conditions of pharmacological correction with bacterial lysate «Respibron».
Highlights
Generalized periodontitis occupies one of the leading places among the most common human diseases (WHO, 1990) and leads to tooth loss five times more often than caries and its complications [1, 2]
It has been proved that by the end of the 90-day period of observation of the course of experimental periodontitis, the power of natural compensatory mechanisms acquired a state of decompensation
It has manifested by increased pro-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in 1.7 times, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in 3 times, decreased anti-inflammatory cytokine Interleukin 10 (IL-10) in 1.6 times; increased the concentration of circulating immune complexes (CIC) in the blood in 2 times, C-reactive protein in 4.4 times at the local level in the gum tissue homogenate of the control pathology group of animals
Summary
Generalized periodontitis occupies one of the leading places among the most common human diseases (WHO, 1990) and leads to tooth loss five times more often than caries and its complications [1, 2]. According to the latest latest epidemiological studies, the prevalence of dystrophic-inflammatory periodontal diseases in Ukraine among young people of working age ranges from 85 to 100 %, which determines the social significance of this problem [3]. In this regard, the treatment of periodontal diseases remains one of the urgent medical and social problems in modern dentistry. Cytokines exhibit universal biological effects to the action of various pathogenic factors They are important regulators of inflammation, intercellular interactions at the local and systemic levels. There are activation of lymphocytosis, phagocytosis, synthesis of interferons, stimulation of mitosis, and there are many reactions, which responsible for other processes associated with the inflammatory response [6, 7]
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