STUDY OF IMMUNE HOMEOSTASIS IN RESIDENTS OF THE NORTH-WESTERN AND MOUNTAIN-SOUTHERN REGIONS

Abstract

Phenotypic features of human immune homeostasis in different climatic and geographical regions are determined by the characteristic formation of an adaptive immune response in changing environmental conditions. The purpose of the work — identification of variants of adaptive immune response using multidimensional statistical analysis in people of working age living in the extreme climate of the North-Western and Mountain-Southern regions. Materials and methods. The results of the survey of 164 people aged 20-60 years, residents of the North-Western region were analyzed: men — 38,42% (63 people), women – 61,59% (101 people). The content of monocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, and lymphocyte phenotypes CD3+, CD4+, CD5+, CD8+, CD10+, CD16+, CD22+, CD71+, CD95+, HLA-DR+ were determined. The method of factor analysis was used to identify latent factors in the structure of immune status parameters. The classification of the subjects into groups with similar changes in a number of the considered indicators was performed using cluster analysis by the k-means method. Results: The clustering results showed that the state of the adaptive immune response of the subjects is characterized by 3 variants (in the North-Western) and 2 variants (Mountain-Southern) regions. Results. In the Northerners, the predominance of cell-mediated reactions associated with high functional activity of CD71+, HLA-DR+ cells was revealed, with factor 1 accounting for 40,98% of the total variance of signs, factor 2 accounting for 22,14%, and factor 3 — 12,95%, with a total share of the accumulated variance of signs of 76,07%. In the inhabitants of the Mountain-Southern region, the share in the total variance of signs is significantly less and in the total share of accumul Output.The most significant immunological indicators in the development and formation of an adaptive immune response, regardless of the region of residence, are the levels of antigens of the main histocompatibility complex class II HLA-DR+ and activated T-lymphocytes with the transferrin receptor CD71+.