STUDY OF FIRE LOCATION TIME IN HIGH-STORY BUILDINGS IN CITIES OF UKRAINE

Abstract

The effectiveness of extinguishing a fire depends on the speed of arrival of fire and rescue units at the scene and the time it will take to deliver the "first" barrel (extinguishing agent) to the location. The rapid supply of fire extinguishing agent gives a chance to localize and then eliminate the fire in the initial phase, although the result depends significantly on the action in the "first minutes of the fire". The urban settlements into appropriate groups based on population and territory using methods of cluster analysis were divided. One settlement was selected from each group of cities, and then data on fires for the period of 2020 was processed. The statistical data obtained from the operational coordination centers of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine in the cities of Kyiv, Kharkiv, Poltava, and Berdyansk, which characterize the process of extinguishing fires, namely the time of arrival of fire and rescue units at the scene of the fire, the time of localization of the fire and the area of the fire, were analyzed. Statistical data were selected only for high-rise buildings. The interrelationship of the following parameters was established: burning area, building floor, time of fire localization. The obtained static data indicate that the area of fire and the time of localization increases on average from 3.5 to 6 times. The result of the data analysis provides a clear understanding of the need to improve the available means and methods (tactics) of extinguishing fires in multi-story buildings. We proposed to use the Typhoon-10 impulse fire extinguisher, which has been converted into a pneumatic gun for the discrete delivery of fire extinguishing substances placed in a special container, as the basis of firefighting tactics in multi-story buildings. Discrete delivery of fire-extinguishing substances in a container allows to reduce the time of localization of fires in multi-story buildings due to the efficiency of deployment of the installation and accurate delivery through the window opening directly to the center of the fire.