Study of antidiabetic activities of endophytic fungi isolated from plants

Rimsha Khan

doi:10.19045/bspab.2019.80071

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus, a metabolic disorder, is one of the major causes of death among all health issues. Diabetes can be regulated by antidiabetic drugs that control the activity of some metabolic enzymes including amylases. Endophytic fungi have the potential to prevent diabetes through inhibition of alpha-amylase activity. This study was aimed to isolate and evaluate endophytic fungi from different plants like Mango (Mangifera indica) coded as MAN, MBR, Neem (Azadirachta indica) indicated as NGU and NTH and jambolan (Syzygium cumini L) shown as JCO, JGR, JGY for their antidiabetic potentials. Eight endophytic fungi, isolated from the leaves of these plants, were screened for their potential anti-amylase activity. Aqueous extract of endophytic fungi isolated from jambolana (200µg/ml) exhibited significant amylase inhibition (62%) followed by MAN, MBR, NGU and NTH sample (49-59%). Therefore, endophytic fungi from the leaves of selected plants might be remarkable sources of discovering natural anti-diabetic molecules. Keyword: Azadirachta indica; Diabetes mellitus; Mangifera indica; Syzygium cumini http://dx.doi.org/10.19045/bspab.2019.80071

Highlights

Introduction characterized by insulin resistance and Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic patients with this type of diabetes require disease that disturbs the metabolism of increased secretion of insulin which is unable carbohydrates, fats, proteins, water and to fulfill by pancreatic β-cells due to electrolytes [1]
Leaves after complete drying were placed on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) media plates
Diabetes is becoming epidemic in emerging world; around two third individuals living in developing countries are affected from diabetes

Summary

Introduction

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic patients with this type of diabetes require disease that disturbs the metabolism of increased secretion of insulin which is unable carbohydrates, fats, proteins, water and to fulfill by pancreatic β-cells due to electrolytes [1]. It is a disorder of endocrine abnormality in their function. Miglitol and acarbose that reduce PPHG by disturbing the action of carbohydrate digesting enzymes decreasing the glucose absorption are commonly available in market These are synthetic drugs and carries many adverse effects including gastrointestinal problems, abdominal discomfort and diarrhea [6] necessitating the demand for novel compounds with no or few side effects. More than 2,000 naturallyderived products have been recovered from endophytes found in medicinal plants, including phenol and phenolic acids, isocoumarin derivatives, lactone, polysaccharides, amines and amides, indole derivatives, pyrrolizidine stetralones, xanthones, phenylpropanoids and lignans, benzoquinones, chlorinated metabolites have been reported from fungal endophytes [11]

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