STEM-КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТІ: СУТНІСТЬ ТА СТРУКТУРА

Abstract

The article is devoted to the research of the problem of modeling the structure and content of mathematical competence and competence in the field of science, technology and engineering (STEM-competences) of students. The author notes that the problem of active creative development of students who are able to mobilize knowledge in practice and quickly adapt to unusual situations is relevant for Ukraine today. This leads to the search for high quality education at all levels. A possible solution to this problem is the organization of STEM-learning, which requires the formation of students' STEM-competencies. The author analyzes the existing in scientific publications and official documents definitions of the concepts of purview, competence, STEM-competence. The components of STEM-competence, including cognitive, reflexive-analytical, operational-activity, value-motivational, are clarified. The article identifies the main components of STEM-competence, which consists of the ability to identify the problem, the ability to reason logically, justify their actions, understand and analyze different points of view in solving problems, the ability to unconventionally solve problems, analyze and evaluate results, formulate research tasks and identify ways to solve it, apply knowledge in different life situations. It was found that the methods aimed at the formation of STEM-competence of students should be based on the application of competence, activity and systematic approaches to the organization of learning. The paper emphasizes that the key competencies for the state standard of basic secondary education in Ukraine are based on the recommendations of the Council of the European Union. The author compares the key competences for lifelong learning in Ukraine and the European Union, discusses in detail the skills and attitudes associated with STEM competence. It was found that mathematical competence and competence in the field of science, technology and engineering in the European Union are distinguished as a whole, unlike Ukraine. Key words: purview, competence, key competencies, STEM competency, STEM-education.