Abstract
To address the issues of global warming and the depletion of fossil fuels, there has been an increasing effort to convert lignin, which is abundantly obtained from lignocellulosic biomass, into high-value products. Lignin, along with cellulose and hemicellulose, constitutes a major component of lignocellulosic biomass, and its unique chemical structure has garnered attention for its diverse potential applications. This review aims to highlight the potential applications for high-value product production by examining the chemical properties and structure of lignin. Various depolymerization methods, such as thermal, chemical, biological, and microwave-assisted depolymerization, are compared in terms of their characteristics, with an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of each method. The possibilities of converting lignin into bio plastics, energy storage and utilization materials, chemicals, and other high-value products are explored. Currently, depolymerization technologies face limitations in terms of yield and selectivity, necessitating a deeper understanding of lignin’s structural properties and process optimization. Future research is expected to focus on these improvements, significantly expanding the development and commercial viability of lignin-based applications.
Published Version
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