Statin Therapy and the Elderly

Abstract

In the United States, the prevalence of coronary and other cardiovascular diseases increases with age, reflecting in part the cumulative effect of lifetime exposure to cardiovascular risk factors.1 Coronary and cerebrovascular atherosclerosis in the elderly (≥65 years of age) is a growing clinical problem because of the population’s increasing longevity. Despite this evidence, cardiovascular risk in elderly patients is demonstrably undermanaged according to several epidemiological studies.2–4 In a Canadian study, paradoxically, elderly coronary patients who were at the highest risk for recurrent disease appeared to be the least likely to receive preventive treatment.4 Several factors may contribute to this poor level of management, such as confusion surrounding the relevance of certain modifiable risk factors to this age group, the cost-effectiveness of preventing coronary heart disease (CHD) in older patients, and concerns about the impact of therapies on safety and quality of life. Article p 700 Despite early studies that questioned the association of cholesterol with coronary risk in the elderly, the available epidemiology now favors the perspective that cholesterol remains an important modifiable risk factor in patients ≥65 years of age, especially after adjustment for the presence of comorbid conditions.5 Growing evidence demonstrates the benefit of treating higher-risk older patients. In this issue of Circulation , Deedwania et al6 present the results of the Study Assessing Goals in the Elderly (SAGE), which compares the effect of intensive (atorvastatin 80 mg/d) compared with moderate (pravastatin 40 mg/d) cholesterol lowering with statins in a cohort of 893 men and women 65 to 85 years of age with coronary artery disease. SAGE evaluated the absolute change in total duration of ischemia as measured by 48-hour Holter monitoring from baseline to 1 year. Although total ischemia duration was reduced significantly in both arms compared with baseline, the intensive strategy …