SPESIFICS OF EDUCATION IN THE EAST SLAVIC TERRITORY IN THE 16TH AND 17TH CENTURIES

Abstract

The article examines the peculiarities of education in the East Slavic territory in the 16th and 17th centuries. It is noted that the Old Ukrainian (book Ukrainian and folk Ukrainian), Old Slavic, Greek, Latin and Polish languages were used in writing at that time. It is emphasized that such multilingualism is consolidated and used at the end of the studied period. The main differences of the educational processes of the XVI-XVII centuries, which were based on source diversity, which primarily involved the use of diverse systems of basic education and final indicators, are highlighted. The authors point out that during this period we are talking exclusively about non-state education, in the functioning of which the state did not play a decisive role, in particular in terms of financing, and such education almost did not give any official privileges. The main types of primary and secondary education were church, folk and private. It is noted that in the 15th century and at the beginning of the16th century, Orthodox schools (the very word “school” to denote a Ukrainian educational institution is recorded in sources from the 16th century) attached to churches and monasteries were traditional in Ukraine. At the end of the 16th century as a result of the Brest Union, representatives of the united church organize union schools in the northwestern Ukrainian territories. But, despite a rather active policy of their implementation, encouraging young people to study (among other things, for example, education was free for orphans and the poor), they did not gain significant popularity in Ukrainian lands. It is outlined that they spread the most in the territories bordering Belarus.