SPECTRA OF TAXA ECOMORPHIC CAPACITY OF PLANT COMMUNITIES IN TECHNOGENIC ECOTOPES OF KRYVBAS DUMPS

Abstract

The article refers to the relevance of conducting comprehensive studies of plant communities’ composition of dumps’ technogenic ecotopes as an initial stage in learning the structure, specifics of conditions and trends in developing vegetation of disturbed lands. The expediency of detailing the ecomorphic capacity of various taxa based on the theory of ecological and taxonomic spectra is noted to establish ecological, adaptive potential, inherent and realized by each taxon. Research conducted within the dumps «2-3» of PJSC «ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih» allowed to record 184 species of angiosperms belonging to 132 genera and 35 families. Analysis of the constructed ecomorphic capacity spectra of taxa (classes, families) indicates their unequal ecomorphic capacity.The ecomorphic capacity of Magnoliopsida is larger than that of Liliopsida. The predominant part of the Magnoliopsida ecomorphic capacity spectrabelongs to ruderants, ruderal stepants and stepants, xeromesophytes and mesoxerophytes, heliophytes, hemicryptophytes and therophytes, and mesotrophs.Stepants, ruderants, xeromesophytes, heliophytes, therophytes,cryptophytes, and mesotrophs dominate in the Liliopsida ecomorphic capacity spectra. The cenomorphic capacity spectra of the families Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Poaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Apiaceae are expanded and contain the most different cenomorphs when the spectra of the cenomorphic capacity of 15 families are narrowed and monotypic in terms of the composition of cenomorphs. The extended hygromorphic capacity spectra are characteristic of Poaceae, Asteraceae, Caryophyllaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Chenopodiaceae, and Scrophulariaceae; heliomorphic capacity spectra – of Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, Apiaceae; climamorphic capacity spectra – of Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Brassicaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Poaceae, Caryophyllaceae; trophomorphic capacity spectra – of Asteraceae, Poaceae, Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Caryophyllaceae, Euphorbiaceae. The approach of plant communities to a more or less stable state is accompanied by reduction and relative stabilization in the composition of ecomorphic spectra and taxa capacity. Identical changes in the ecomorphic capacity of taxa on dumps that have a certain similarity in ecological conditions, substrate characteristics,and storage age can be used as diagnostic indicators of the stages of zonal restoration of vegetation cover on disturbed lands.