Specificities of childhood tumours and the paediatric oncology service in the context of decentralisation

Abstract

Tumors in children have peculiarities of natural development, diagnosis and clinical features, morphological structure, age, sex, pre-selection, etc. In the structure of oncopediting morbidity prevail hemoblasts 58-60%, brain tumors 17- 18%, kidney 7-7.5%, bone 5.0-5.5%, soft tissue sarcomas 4.0-4.5%, thyroid gland tumors 0.8-1.0%, reproductive organs1.0-1.2%, liver - 1.0%, others - 2.5-3.0% [15, 16, 23].Tumors in children occupy the second place in the structure of mortality of children up to 18 years of age. A special place goes to Eving’s sarcoma, Wilms’ tumor, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma and others [21].The oncology service also has its own particular managerial features, such as having certain criteria and facilities, centres specialising in paediatric oncology, specialists, technical devices, diagnostic and treatment technologies, medical equipment and generic and effective drugs. The service must have onco-pediatric specialists in every region of the Republic of Moldova - north, centre, south and south-east. Interdisciplinary cooperation is needed with family medicine, local specialists and tertiary specialists, as well as with the families of these children, local administrative bodies and the voluntary sector. There is a need for an infrastructure for the paediatric oncology advisory service and interdependence with the Oncology Institute, rehabilitation centres, continuing education centres in hospital and palliative care, and social services.