Abstract
The aim of the current research was to ascertain how the periphytic algae's species composition and diversity varied seasonally and how those changes related to the physico-chemical elements of two submerged macrophytes (<i>Ceratophyllum demersum, Vallisneria spiralis</i>) in the ponds of Kavaledurga Fort. Periphytic algal communities were highly diversified totalling 70 species, and limnological variables were measured in pond water samples over the three seasons of the study period from September 2020 to May 2021. Members of <i>Zygnematophyceae (n = </i>57) were found in water bodies with a high diversity and covering of macrophytes. <i>Ceratophyllum demersum (n =</i> 64) was an algae rich macrophyte when compared to <i>V. spiralis (n = </i>25). The main determining factors for this community variability were elevations in temperature, pH, DO, electrical conductivity and nutrients. The species richness and evenness of periphytic algae over the macrophytes were disclosed by diversity indices. From the similarity index, the results indicated a slight difference in populations of periphytic micro-algae between the studied ponds.
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