Abstract
Gauge fields are a fundamental concept in physics that describes the basic interactions between charged particles. Naturally, all neutral particles are decoupled from real gauge fields. Nevertheless, if we properly design a physical system, we can generate synthetic gauge fields that would govern the effective dynamics of the chargeless particles, such photons. In this way, synthetic gauge fields enable uncharged particles to behave as if affected by external fields. For example, a photon propagating in an elaborately designed photonic lattice will flow in a similar fashion as an electron in a magnetic flux due to the synthetic gauge fields generated by such lattice. Consequently, synthetic gauge fields allow us to endow photonic systems with a wide range of exciting features that are naturally not expected for them.
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