Abstract
The aim of the research is to define optimal sowing parameters that ensure the highest yielding capacity and high quality of the proso millet seeds (Panicum miliaceum L.). To achieve a stated goal we established and analyzed multiple-factor interrelations of the formation of highly productive seed sowing of the proso millet by improving sowing methods and sowing rates as well as conditions improving sowing qualities and yielding capacity of seeds with the application of correlation pleiades. We founded that deviation from the recommended sowing rates in production results in the decline of yielding capacity level. We also suggested that the deficit of seed material caused the highest shortfalls in seed yields compared to its over-expenditure; moreover, the seed planted with wide row spacing had the best yielding capacity, while sowing with row spacing of 15 cm and sowing rate at 3.5 million seeds/ha provided the its highest yielding capacity.
Highlights
The optimal method of sowing and seeding rate, density of plants, individual nutrition area, water, air, and light regimes determine the seeding material with high sowing and harvest conditions
There are no consensus on the optimal method of sowing and seeding rate of the proso millet seed among the farmers, they affirm that optimal density of the proso millet agricultural lands depends on zonal features, hydrothermal conditions of the vegetation period, the preceding crop, the prevailing weed species, function of sowings, and varietal differences (Poltoretskyi, 2017; Jahansouz et al, 2014)
The biggest shortfall of seed yield caused the shortage of seed material, compared to its overruns
Summary
The optimal method of sowing and seeding rate, density of plants, individual nutrition area, water, air, and light regimes determine the seeding material with high sowing and harvest conditions. Haulm stand density depends on the parameters of sowing, which affects the complex relations in plant groups. Such inner relations are defined by solar energy and light, air carbon dioxide, nutrients, and soil water (Toure et al, 2018; Lechowski, 2007). These links are more stronger the smaller plant living spaces are. The purpose of our research is to improve the technology of growing high-quality seed of the proso millet varieties, to optimize the sowing method and seeding rate in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine with unstable water supply
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